Application layer: Extraction of content and metadata.Link layer, network layer and transport layer: Reconstruction of communication sessions.Physical layer: Tapping of fibre-optic cables.The programme targets “communications into and out of Europe and the Middle East” ( ELE01). WINDSTOP – NSA umbrella programme for bulk collection in partnership with “trusted second party” countries (UK, Canada, Australia and New Zealand). INCENSER – GCHQ bulk collection programme that provides access to a cable system codenamed NIGELLA, which is the intersection of two fibre-optic cables connecting the Atlantic with Europe and Asia ( ORG01, ELE01). XKEYSCORE – NSA system for searching and analysing Internet data. Also searches by ‘trigger’ words, email addresses and phone numbers. POKERFACE – GCHQ programme using MVR (Massive Volume Reduction) for high-speed filtering and selection, including removal of high-volume, low-value traffic such as peer-to-peer downloads. Benhall, Cheltenham (GCHQ headquarters).The centres above have been associated with the following locations ( ESP01):.23 x 10 gigabit/second cables at the RPC1 processing center.7 x 10 gigabit/second cables at the OPC processing center.16 x 10 gigabit/second cables at the CPC processing center.Cable taps installed at the following locations ( EFF01):.Temporary storage of content and metadata.Data collected by TEMPORA is shared with the NSA through the WINDSTOP programme, and can be analysed using the XKEYSCORE search interface and a search language called GENESIS ( ORG01, EFF01). The TEMPORA programme incorporates bulk data from the INCENSER programme ( ORG01). Content is stored for three days, and metadata for 30 days ( GUA01). TEMPORA stores the collected data in a buffer to enable retrospective analysis. The programme taps at least 200 cables at various locations ( GUA01). The programme collects content and metadata that travels over fibre-optic cables around the world, including cables entering and exiting the UK ( GUA01). TEMPORA is a GCHQ programme for physically tapping fibre-optic cablesto collect data in bulk. Ruling: IPT rulings in Liberty v Others cases.Ruling: Davis and Others vs The Secretary of State for the Home Department.Data Retention and Investigatory Powers Act 2014.Counter Terrorism and Security Act 2015.Special Envoy on Intelligence and Data Sharing.Interception of Communications Commissioner.Independent Reviewer of Terrorism Legislation.
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